This article explores the symbolism of wood and trees in three major religions. Across cultures and centuries, trees have served as sacred symbols and metaphors for spiritual truths. These traditions highlight how nature is a central part of religious thought and ritual.
Hinduism
In Hinduism, trees are deeply embedded in spiritual and ritualism. Certain trees are considered sacred and symbolize deities, as well as values like patience, endurance, and fertility.
For example, the Peepal Tree, referred to as the bodhi tree or Aśvattha tree, is revered in Hinduism and associated with Lord Vishnu and Lord Krishna. The tree is often found near temples and its worship is prescribed in texts like the Skanda Purana. The bodhi tree symbolizes the universe, perhaps because its figs are eaten by birds, before its seeds pass through the birds and take root in other places. The “Aśvattha” name comes from the word “schwa”, meaning “morning” or “tomorrow”, referring to the tree’s ever-changing nature.
The banyan tree also holds cultural importance. It is referred to as the “tree of life”. The Vat Purnima festival centers around the banyan tree and a full moon. Women fast and tie threads around a tree, “and pray for the well-being and longevity of their husband and pray for the same husband in every birth” (per Mid-Day.com).
Judaism
In Judaism, trees are viewed as symbols of divine order, moral life, and continuity. Trees often represent God’s power and the natural order. The Tree of Life, Etz Chaim, is described as a source of eternal life. It symbolizes the Torah and is used as a metaphor for life and wisdom. Jewish law includes protections for trees and emphasizes avoidance of wasteful destruction.
Wood is an important part of Jewish worship, sacred objects, and spaces. The Ark of the Covenant was made of acacia wood and covered with pure gold. The Torah scrolls are traditionally mounted on Etz Chaim, usually made of beech wood. Items such as a handcrafted Kiddush cup may be made of wood, or other materials such as aluminum, brass, gemstone, and glass. In synagogues, ark doors and bimah furnishings are often made of wood.
Buddhism
The bodhi tree is also very important in Buddhism. The Buddha is said to have found enlightenment under a bodhi tree. The tree at Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya, India is a major pilgrimage site. It symbolizes Buddha’s journey and awakening. The Anandabodhi Tree, found at the famous Jetavana monastery in Uttar Pradesh, India, is also important in Buddhism. Jetavana was where the Buddha gave many of his teachings; he is said to have stayed there more often than any other temple.
In the Thai Forest tradition in Theravāda Buddhism, practitioners live in the wilderness and forests. The tradition emphasizes adherence to the Vinaya framework and one’s own meditation practice over study of the Pali Canon scriptures. Thai Forest monasteries are often located in woodland and heath. For example, the Chithurst Buddhist Monastery in England is found in Hammer Wood, Chithurst. The monastery was important in establishing “the Thai Forest tradition outside Thailand” (Amaravati.org).
Last word
The symbolism of trees in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism shows how closely nature is woven into each religion. Their presence in sacred texts and practices demonstrates the widespread recognition of nature as a source of wisdom and meaning.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Aleksandra Djurdjevic
Senior Content Creator
Aleksandra Djurdjevic is a senior writer and editor, covering jewelry, accessories, and trends. She’s also works with services, home décor. She has previously worked as ESL teacher for English Tochka. Aleksandra graduated from the Comparative Literature department at the Faculty of Philosophy in Serbia. Aleksandra’s love for the environment, crafts and natural products over the years helps her continue to be a top expert at Wooden Earth.
